A spatial interpolation approach for environmental assessment of aquaculture effects on water quality of Pagasitikos Gulf (Eastern Mediterranean)

The impact of fish farming on the physicochemical and biological parameters of the water column was investigated between July and October 2021, in Pagasitikos Gulf. For this purpose, a sampling strategy based on Geographical Information System (GIS) was developed and a grid of 28 sampling stations was created for in situ measurements. The method of spatial interpolation and especially the Radial Basis Function (RBF) was used to estimate the spatial distribution of DO, chl α and nutrients by means of GIS. General Linear Model (GLM) analysis showed significant differences for all measured parameters except for NO3. Nutrients remained at low concentrations without exceeding the permitted limits for eutrophication and welfare of cultivated organisms. GIS exhibited high usefulness for data analysis, with further studies warranted for its optimization on applications related to the environmental impact of fish farming.