Mental health trajectories of women experiencing differing patterns of intimate partner violence across the first 10 years of motherhood

•Women's experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) vary across the first 10 years of motherhood.•Four distinct classes of IPV exposure were identified: 1) minimal (79.2%), 2) early exposure (10.8%), 3) increasing (6.4%) and persistent (3.6%).•Women experiencing persistent IPV experienced the most severe trajectory of depressive symptoms.•Women experiencing IPV in the early parenting period continue to experience poor mental health trajectories despite no longer being exposed to IPV.