Protocol for the rapid intravenous in ovo injection of developing amniote embryos

We present a technique for precise drug delivery into the vascular system of developing amniote embryos via injection into chorioallantoic veins underlying the eggshell membrane. We describe steps for incubating and candling eggs, removing the shell to expose underlying veins, and precise intravenous injection. In addition to chicken embryos, this protocol is applicable to other amniote spe-cies that lay hard-shell eggs, including crocodiles and tortoises. This technique is rapid, is reproducible, is of low cost, and will provide an important resource for developmental biologists. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cooper & Milinkovitch.(1)