Lactobacillus Acidophilus Endophthalmitis Postcataract Operation: A Case Report with a Literature Review.

BACKGROUND:Lactobacillus acidophilus is usually considered nonpathogenic and widely distributed in the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tract. In rare cases, lactobacilli may cause eye infections. CASE PRESENTATION:We report a 71-year-old man who experienced unexpected ocular pain and decreased visual acuity for one day after cataract surgery. He presented with obvious conjunctival and circumciliary congestion, corneal haze, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber empyema, posterior corneal deposits, and pupil light reflection disappearance. This patient underwent the standard three-port 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and received the intravitreal perfusion of vancomycin at 1 mg/0.1 mL. The culture of the vitreous fluid produced Lactobacillus acidophilus. CONCLUSION:Acute Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis can occur after cataract surgery, which should be taken into consideration.