Dual-site Metal Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Reaction.

Electrochemical catalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) is a promising and green approach for reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration and achieving high-value conversion of CO2 under the carbon-neutral policy. In CO2RR, the dual-site metal catalysts (DSMCs) have received wide attention for their ingenious design strategies, abundant active sites, and excellent catalytic performance attributed to the synergistic effect between dual-site in terms of activity, selectivity and stability, which plays a key role in catalytic reactions. This review provides a systematic summary and detailed classification of DSMCs for CO2RR, describes the mechanism of synergistic effects in catalytic reactions, and also introduces in situ characterization techniques commonly used in CO2RR. Finally, the main challenges and prospects of dual-site catalysts and even multi-site catalysts for CO2 recycling are analyzed. It is believed that based on the understanding of bimetallic site catalysts and synergistic effects in CO2RR, well-designed high-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are promising for achieving CO2 conversion, electrochemical energy conversion and storage in the future.