Insulin Use and Gout Risk among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Real-World Cohort Study in Shanghai, China.

The effect of insulin use on gout risk remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between insulin use and gout risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Based on the Shanghai Link Healthcare Database, patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, with or without insulin exposure, were identified from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020, and followed until December 31, 2021. Apart from the original cohort, we also established a 1:2 propensity score-matched cohort. A time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95