Evaluating the Potential of ChatGPT-4 in Ophthalmology: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

There is growing interest nowadays for artificial intelligence (AI) in all medical fields. Beyond the direct medical application of AI to medical data, generative AI such as ''pretrained transformer'' (GPT) could significantly change the ophthalmology landscape, opening upnew avenues for enhancing precision, productivity, and patient outcomes. At present, ChatGPT-4 has been investigated in various ways in ophthalmology for research, medical education, and support for clinical decisions purposes. This article intends to demonstrate the application of ChatGPT-4 within the field of ophthalmology by employing a 'mise en abime' approach. While we explore its potential to enhance the future of ophthalmology care, we will also carefully outline its current limitations and potential risks. (c) 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.