Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial prevention practice in nosocomial infection and molecular epidemiological characteristics in a pediatric intensive care unit

•This is the first report on the dynamic monitoring of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli infection prevention and control strategy effects in PICU patients in China.•The genetic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli isolates found in PICU were also studied and the primary carbapenemase genes identified in carbapenem-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were blaKPC-2 from sequence type 11 and blaOXA-23 from sequence type 1712.•The colonization screening program was conducted both in the intestinal and upper respiratory tracts and the known carriers were repeatedly screened multiple times.•Three placement types were implemented based on the situation of the pediatric intensive care unit.•In addition to the most commonly used single-room isolation, the combination of active screening and placement of patients in the same area is also an effective strategy to prevent nosocomial carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli infections in PICUs.