Influence of Gamma-irradiation on the Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of Β-H 2 Pc Nanocrystalline Films: Implications for Optoelectronic Applications

In this study, the effects of gamma radiation with doses ranging from 0 KGy to 100 KGy on the structural and optical properties of the Beta Metal-free Phthalocyanine (β-H 2 Pc) powder and films were investigated. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to examine the crystalline and morphological structures of the thin films. While Fourier transform infrared and absorption spectra were utilized to study the changes in molecular structure and energy absorption, respectively. The results showed that while γ-irradiation induced changes in the surface morphology and optical properties of β-H 2 Pc, the molecular structure remained stable except for the disappearance of the hydroxyl (OH) functional group peak. The irradiation dose was found to affect the dielectric constants, dispersion characteristics, and nonlinear optical susceptibility of the material. The β-H 2 Pc thin films exhibited high absorption coefficients and refractive index values, making them promising candidates for optoelectronic devices such as solar cells. However, careful consideration of the effects of gamma irradiation on other properties of β-H 2 Pc such as stability, toxicity, and cost-effectiveness is necessary. Graphical Abstract