An overview of artificial intelligence in medical physics and radiation oncology

Artificial intelligence (AI) is developing rapidly and has found widespread applications in medicine, especially radiotherapy. This paper provides a brief overview of AI applications in radiotherapy, and highlights the research directions of AI that can potentially make significant impacts and relevant ongoing research works in these directions. Challenging issues related to the clinical applications of AI, such as robustness and interpretability of AI models, are also discussed. The future research directions of AI in the field of medical physics and radiotherapy are highlighted.