Quantifying Ethanol in Sweat With a Wearable Al-Doped NiO Electrode and Data Analysis

Human sweat is one of the biomarker-rich fluids that contains important medical data which can be an important factor in the development of sweat-based point-of-care health management devices. Alcohol is an interesting analyte as it reduces anxiety and improves health or confidence. However, high consumption can lead to increased crime, assault, and car accidents in the short term, and health problems affecting various organs like the pancreas, liver, etc. in the long term. The most common methods of detecting alcohol are based on bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and breath. The main drawback of these samples is that they require the active participation of the subject for measurement and collection. In this experiment, we first synthesized an Al-doped NiO electrode with doping concentration varying from 0.00% to 0.11% and investigated its ethanol sensing performance. The electrochemical sensing properties are investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with concentrations varying from 50 to $600 \mu \text{M}$ . The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) comes out to be 20.34 and $61.64 \mu \text{M}$ , respectively, confirming the high capability of the synthesized electrode for sensing ethanol. The concentration of alcohol in sweat is computed in a programmed graphical interface.