Comparison of Adoption Factors toward Instant Messenger Applications in Indonesia and Malaysia using the Extended UTAUT Model 2

This study identifies, measures, and compares factors which influence the Behavioural Intention (BI) and usage of instant messenger applications (IMA) of Indonesians and Malaysian customers centred on the UTAUT 2 model. The objectives are first, to find out the proposed fit model for measuring instant messenger application both in Indonesia and Malaysia. Secondly, to develop a measurement tool (a set of questionnaires) to assess the proposed model. Data accumulated from Indonesia and Malaysia using questionnaires were distributed by using the purposive sampling technique. 1123 respondents from Indonesia and 415 respondents from Malaysia were collected. Data analysis was performed by utilizing smart PLS software. R² values of 0.683 (BI) and 0.631 (UB) were obtained for Indonesian respondents. R² values of 0.771(BI) and 0.571 (UB) were obtained for Malaysian respondents. Results have indicated that the model has significantly described the variation of consumer’s behavioural intention and UB to utilize instant messenger application both in Indonesia and Malaysia. Time constraint did not permit the study to be extended to other nations in the regions. This is an attempt to understand significant usage characteristics between two countries are very similar culturally.