Structure, DC electrical resistivity, and magnetic properties of Gd3+substituted NiZnCo ferrites system

Gd3+ substituted NiZnCo ferrite materials with the chemical formula Ni0.4Zn0.35Co0.25Fe2-xGdxO4 (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.1) were synthesized with the solid-state approach. We have concentrated more on the impact of ferrite synthesis on crystal structure, microstructure, and magnetoelectric characteristics. XRD shows the pure cubic spinel structure. Images taken with a SEM microscope supported the formation of nanoparticles. The sample's spinel structures were again validated with FTIR, confirming the existence of their functional group. Prepared samples' saturation magnetization, remanence, and coercivity were calculated using VSM data, which decreased with Gd3+ substitution. The metal-to-semiconductor transition was seen within the sample's DC resistivity study with respect to temperature.