Hybrid precoding for Integrated Communications and Localization in Massive MIMO LEO Satellite Systems

The future sixth generation (6G) networks will feature great importance on the integration of communications and localization, to realize the Internet of Everything (IoE). In this paper, we investigate the hybrid precoding design for the integrated communications and localization (ICAL) in the massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low Earth orbit (LEO) systems. In particular, we first derive an upper bound of the communication spectral efficiency (SE) and the squared position error bound (SPEB) of localization. Then, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem to simultaneously operate communications and localization. Simulation results demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed massive MIMO LEO ICAL system for typical setups.