Phytochemical analysis, characterization, and biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and gold-zinc oxide nanocomposites from phoenix dactylifera L. seeds: Biological evaluation

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), and gold-zinc oxide nanocomposites (AuZnONCs) obtained natural fiber (NF) of phoenix dactylifera L. seeds (PDS) were biosynthesized. Natural fibers of phoenix dactylifera L. seeds that act as stabilizing agents and capping agents. Phytochemical properties of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds extracts are studied. NFPDS- AuNPs, NFPDS- ZnONPs, and NF PDS - AuZnONCs were characterized by different spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. NFPDS - AuNPs, NFPDS - ZnONPs, and NFPDS - AuZnONCs successfully biosynthesized. Mean particle sizes of NFPDS - AuNPs, NFPDS - ZnONPs, and NFPDS - AuZnONCs were less than 35 +/- 5 nm with semi-spherical or spherical shapes. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity properties and antibacterial activity of these nanocomposites and phoenix dactylifera L. seeds against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. NFPDS- AuNPs, NFPDS- ZnONPs, and NF PDS - AuZnONCs showed >71% cell viability and minimal cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. NFPDS - AuNPs, NFPDS - ZnONPs, and NFPDS - AuZnONCs had the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 19.1 +/- 1.5 mu g /mL, 14.5 +/- 1.1 mu g /mL, and 32.2 +/- 2.2 mu g /mL, respectively. The maximum inhibition zones NFPDS - AuZnONCs obtained for, Klebsiella pneumoniae at (16.9 +/- 0.2 mm) at concentration 500 mu gmL (-1). The maximum inhibition zones obtained with NFPDS - AuZnONCs was higher than that obtained with tetracycline. In MCF-7 cells, green nanoparticles displayed dosedependent cytotoxicity. According to the results of a study, NFPDS - AuZnONCs of Phoenix dactylifera L. extracts have significant anticancer properties.