Superior dual-ion batteries enabled by mildly expanded graphite cathode and hierarchical MoS2@C anode

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA(2024)

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摘要
Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have received tremendous attention due to the high energy density provided by the high operating voltage and the low cost as a result of the abundance of active materials. However, the overall performance of known DIBs is far below expectations. In particular, graphite cathode with fast charge/discharge abilities and high-capacity anode materials still need to be further explored. Herein, a sophisticated overall DIB design is proposed by employing a mildly expanded graphite (MEG) as the cathode and a hierarchical carbon coated MoS2 sphere (MoS2@C) as the anode. MEG with suitable layer spacing facilitates the intercalation/deintercalation of the large size anions, greatly enhancing the reaction kinetics. The distinctive structural design of MoS2@C not only shortens the Li+ diffusion channel, but also improves the electrical conductivity and significantly relieves the volume expansion during repeated cycles. The as-built MEG-2//MoS2@C-800 full DIB demonstrates better specific capacity and higher discharge medium voltage (77.29 mAh g-1 at 1 C and discharge medium voltage remains above 3.5 V after 200 cycles). More impressively, this DIB can deliver an outstanding energy density of 286.97 Wh kg- 1 at the power density of 775.59 W kg- 1, which is superior to other energy storage devices including Ni-Cd batteries, lead-acid batteries, electrochemical capacitors, Li-ion batteries and most previously reported DIBs.
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关键词
Dual-ion batteries,Mildly expanded graphite,MoS2@C,Energy density,Power density
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