miRNA Signatures In Mesothelioma and their Associations with Outcomes with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

The combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) nivolumab and ipilimumab were recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of unresectable pleural mesothelioma based on the results of the CheckMate 743 clinical trial. Currently, histology is the greatest predictor of survival, as patients with non-epithelioid mesothelioma derived the greatest benefit with ICI compared to chemotherapy. There are however patients with epithelioid mesothelioma who also benefit from ICI, and better predictors are urgently needed to help select which of these patients should receive ICI or chemotherapy.