The Vulnerable West African Dwarf Crocodile (Osteolaemus Sp. Aff. Tetraspis) is Worth Conserving in Urban Ecosystems: Evidence from Ghana

Abstract The study aims to investigate the population structure and encounter rates of the West African dwarf crocodile in urban landscapes, which have been neglected in research due to their perceived lack of biodiversity. The study was conducted in six purposively selected urban centers in the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana, where surveys were conducted using interviews, literature review, and standard diurnal crocodile survey methods. The study found no significant difference ( P = 0.143) in encounter rates between urban and non-urban environments, but significant variations ( P = 0.002) under an alpha level of 0.05 were observed at the site level. Population structures did not vary significantly, but there were differences in dwarf crocodile abundance among habitat types, with forest habitats recording the highest abundance. Based on the findings, the study recommends that habitats with forest fragments be given great conservation importance when planning urban crocodile management programs. This study provides baseline data that can serve as a guide for policymakers and management bodies in developing urban management strategies for the West African dwarf crocodile. The study's results highlight the need to consider biodiversity in urban planning and development, particularly for keystone species like the West African dwarf crocodile, to support sustainable and inclusive urban development.