Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Colon and Rectum

Abstract Cross-sectional imaging techniques including magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) have experienced rapid development in the last decades and play a key role today in imaging benign and malignant colorectal disease, facilitating risk stratification, and procedural planning. In particular, visualization of the intestinal wall and adjacent structures enables detection of extraluminal and extraintestinal pathologies and complications. This chapter systematically summarizes the most common benign and malignant conditions of the colon and rectum that can be diagnosed by CT and MRI.