Cell Formation and Intra-Cell Optimal Machine Location in CMS: A Novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) Based on Machine Encoding

Manufacturing industries are in a constant state of competition to attract customers in a variety of methods. Group Technology (GT) is a term used in the field of manufacturing for grouping similar elements based on their similarities in production and design. Cellular manufacturing (CM) is an application of Group Technology (GT) that has gained widespread traction in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) during the recent years in order to increase the production floor's efficiency and output. A Cell Formation consists of grouping identical machinery and assigning them on similar functions. There are three main decisions involved in designing the Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS): Group Scheduling (GS), Group Layout (GL), and Cell Formation (CF). In this study, the primary challenge associated with the CMS is not only the formation of cells but also the optimal placement of machinery within each cell. This paper's objectives are therefore twofold: the formation of cells and the optimal placement of machinery within cells. For the purpose of Cell Formation and the position of machinery within the cell, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Encoding Scheme are employed. In this study, a Genetic Algorithm is used to classify machines and parts, while MATLAB is used for the simulation and encoding scheme. To evaluate the developed objective function and GA, a layout problem of medium size is solved. Results indicate that the proposed strategy is effective for resolving CMS issues and increasing productivity by 8.85%.