Stability Control Analysis of a Dung Beetle Optimizer-Based PI λ D μ Controller for a Multisource Interlinked Power Grid

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the frequency stability of an interlinked power system considering the integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. The proposed method utilizes an optimal fractional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, with its parameters determined by the Dung Beetle Optimizer (DBO). The interlinked power system consists of two areas: Area 1 incorporates Photovoltaic (PV) systems with energy storage units (ESUs), while Area 2 comprises thermal, hydro, nuclear, and ESUs (Hydro Aqua Electrolyser (HAE) and Fuel Cell (FC)). The effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated through a comparison of its performance with other optimization techniques, such as the Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The comparative analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the DBO, as it exhibits a 25% and 4% improvement in settling time over PSO and ALO, respectively. Overall, the proposed controller proves to be highly capable of enhancing system stability during scenarios involving high renewables penetration and abnormal cases.