Pregnancy Outcomes in Secondary Infertility for Women with versus without Cesarean Scar Defect

Background: This study investigated pregnancy outcomes after expectant management and infertility treatment in women with secondary infertility, with and without cesarean scar defect (CSD). Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Women aged [Formula: see text]18 years with at least one previous cesarean section were eligible. Women who had any uterine malformation, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, and myometrial surgery (except for cesarean section or previous CSD repair) were excluded. Patients were followed up for 15 months. The primary outcome was the cumulative live birth rate. Results: A total of 340 women were included between October 2020 and March 2021. The cumulative live birth rate did not differ significantly between women with and without CSD (odds ratio 0.76; 95% confidence interval 0.47–1.22; [Formula: see text] = 0.256). In patients with CSD, only 6/117 (5%) had obstetrics complications, such as placenta previa and postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusions: These data indicate that CSD does not appear to have a significant detrimental effect on pregnancy outcomes in our cohort of patients. This information is useful to help physicians to counsel women with secondary infertility and CSD.