Translation and psychometric evaluation of kember\'s reflective thinking questionnaire in Iranian physicians

Background & Objective: Physicians require to develop some abilities such as self-assessment, critical thinking, self-regulatory learning, and lifelong learning. Reflection is one of the essential educational concepts that make it possible to cultivate and create such abilities in medical students and health professionals. The aim of this study was translation and psychometric evaluation of Kember reflective thinking questionnaire in Iranian physicians. Materials & Methods: First, the Kember reflective thinking questionnaire was translated according to backward-forward translation procedure. Then, face validity was evaluated by examining the opinion of experts. Next, content validity was assessed by calculating content validity index and content validity ratio. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was studied among 280 specialist and general physicians. Then, reliability was examined by calculating the intra-class correlation coefficient and investigating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.849 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.714. Content validity index was 0.849 and content validity ratio was 0.825. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a four-factors model including habitual action, understanding, reflection and critical reflection in the Iranian medical community. Conclusion: The Persian version of Kember reflective thinking questionnaire with four factors has the desired reliability and validity in the Iranian medical community. Due to the appropriate psychometric properties, and ease of implementation, it can be used to evaluate the level of reflection of doctors.