Composition and Properties of Bituminous Resins and Hymatomelanic Acids from Lignite

Coal from the Kansk-Achinsk and South Ural basins and their extracts—humic acids, hymatomelanic acids, and bituminous resins—are studied by technical and elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The bitumen composition is investigated by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Data are presented for the phytostimulant activity of hymatomelanic acids and their mixtures with the saponifiable component of the extracted bituminous resin with respect to Aphrodite wheat seeds. Such activity is established for the samples, whether used individually or in combination. The phytoactivity index (PI) is found to be in the range 1.09–1.20.