Risk and Protective Factors That Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Traumatic Injury: A Systematic Review

•PTSD is a common psychiatric disorder following traumatic injury and can impact on the physical recovery of injury survivors•Risk factors for PTSD after traumatic injury are more aligned with how someone makes sense of the event•Strong scientific evidence for psychiatric history, assault, ASD, and baseline pain as predictors of PTSD•Strong evidence age, education, ethnicity, premorbid health concerns, marital status, injury severity, mechanism, LOS, and ICU not predictors•More methodologically consistent, theoretically-based studies required to consolidate literature base