Remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation jointly in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: implications for clinical trials
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE(2024)
摘要
Purpose of reviewAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death despite the development of effective treatments. Recently, elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation have emerged as factors explaining part of the residual ASCVD risk. Interestingly, the coexistence of both high remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation can further increase the risk of ASCVD. The aim of this review is to describe the role of elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation, separately and combined, in ASCVD.Recent findingsResults from recently published studies, including observational and genetic Mendelian randomization studies, support a causal relationship between elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation on risk of ASCVD in both primary and secondary prevention settings. In addition, current evidence from observational studies suggests that the coexistence of elevated remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation further increases the risk of ASCVD.SummaryRecent observational studies suggest that high remnant cholesterol combined with low-grade inflammation may confer a particular high risk for ASCVD. Attention on the dual threat from high remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation is necessary, and further research in this field is warranted. The effect of remnant cholesterol-lowering drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs on ASCVD risk alone and combined remains to be elucidated.Video abstracthttp://links.lww.com/COCN/A20
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关键词
C-reactive protein,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride-rich lipoproteins,triglycerides,very low-density lipoprotein
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