A 4-8 GHz Kinetic Inductance Travelling-Wave Parametric Amplifier Using Four-Wave Mixing with Near Quantum-Limit Noise Performance
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Kinetic inductance traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPA) have a wide
instantaneous bandwidth with near quantum-limited sensitivity and a relatively
high dynamic range. Because of this, they are suitable readout devices for
cryogenic detectors and superconducting qubits and have a variety of
applications in quantum sensing. This work discusses the design, fabrication,
and performance of a KI-TWPA based on four-wave mixing in a NbTiN microstrip
transmission line. This device amplifies a signal band from 4 to 8 GHz without
contamination from image tones, which are produced in a separate higher
frequency band. The 4 - 8 GHz band is commonly used to read out cryogenic
detectors, such as microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) and Josephson
junction-based qubits. We report a measured maximum gain of over 20 dB using
four-wave mixing with a 1-dB gain compression point of -58 dBm at 15 dB of gain
over that band. The bandwidth and peak gain are tunable by adjusting the
pump-tone frequency and power. Using a Y-factor method, we measure an
amplifier-added noise of 0.5 ≤ N_added≤ 1.5 photons from 4.5 - 8
GHz.
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