Violence against women living in rural contexts: an integrative review

The objective of this article was to analyze which violence affect women living in rural contexts. An integrative review was carried out in the databases VHL, SciELO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Redalyc, and REDIB, without restriction of language and period, of Brazilian articles, with the terms: violence against women, intimate partner violence, domestic violence, gender-based and rural violence. The 23 articles included were analyzed qualitatively and organized into two categories: the multiple violence against women in rural contexts (18 articles) and the invisible and silenced violence against women in rural contexts (five articles). A multiplicity of violence was observed, such as domestic, gender, intimate partner, and institutional. Physical, psychological, sexual, moral, patrimonial violence, as well as femicide, devaluation of work, financial dependence, deprivation, and control of freedom, intense working hours, and lack of access to public funding, potentiated by the rural context itself, stand out. Rural women are, therefore, systematically silenced in the face of the gender oppression and violence they experience. In addition, the silencing also occurs due to the lack of research in the area and even the non-differentiation between rural and urban in the records and collected data.