Tuning the electro-optical properties of germanene nanoribbons by boron atom substitution for application in information transmission

Germanene nanoribbons, a one-dimensional material, have great potential for future technological applications. This research aims to investigate the electro-optical properties of boron-doped germanene nanoribbons with a width of five atoms. The theory used in this study is density functional theory (DFT). The original system is a narrow band gap semiconductor, with a gap size of 0.06eV. The doped configurations, which retain the honeycomb hexagonal structure, are stable and metallic in nature. The introduction of B atoms flattens the configuration, leading to a partial charge shift from Ge to B. The absorption peaks in the 3B and 5B configurations occur in the frequency range less than 500nm, indicating good absorption of visible light, and suggesting possible applications in light-sensitive components. Notably, the real part of the dielectric function's 0z component is negative, offering immense potential for optical, microwave and communication applications.