A Regret-Based Robust Optimization Model for Municipal Water Distribution Network Redesign under Disruption Risks

In recent decades, the increasing demand for water and resource limitations have posed challenges to water resources management. This study proposes a comprehensive model for redesigning urban water distribution network under disruptions, focusing on household consumption. The proposed model integrates strategic decisions for network, and addresses disruption risks. To ensure the resilience of the network against disruptions caused by earthquakes, we developed a regret -based robust optimization model. The model minimizes redesign and operational costs by optimizing water flow, construction locations, and pipeline connections. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model, revealing a reduction in average costs-approximately 0.6 %-compared to the deterministic model. This reduction is noteworthy given the scale of municipal water distribution configuration costs. Also, resiliency analysis demonstrates the superiority of the robust solution compared to the deterministic structure. The model supports policymakers for operational and long-term decisions, considering complex hydraulic constraints and horizontal transfers between reservoirs.