Improving Monitoring and Management Methods is of the Utmost Importance in Countries at Risk of Invasion by the Pinewood Nematode

Abstract Key message The invasive pine wood nematode is a major threat to pine forests worldwide, causing extensive tree mortality. Although scientific knowledge and control measures are continuously improving, important gaps remain. We argue that some key questions, notably related to early detection and pest management, need to be urgently tackled in countries at risk of invasion such as France.