Correlation of Plasmatic Amyloid Beta Peptides (A-40, A-42) with Myocardial Injury and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background/Objective: Amyloid beta (beta) -40 levels increase with age and inflammation states and appear to be associated with clinical manifestations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We investigated the correlation of A beta peptides with myocardial injury and inflammation biomarkers in patients with or without ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, NSTEMI). Methods: This singe-center, cross-sectional, observational, and correlation study included 65 patients with ACS (n = 34 STEMI, 29 males, age = 58 +/- 12 years; n = 31 NSTEMI, 22 males, age = 60 +/- 12 years) who were enrolled in the coronary care unit within 12 h after symptom onset from February 2022 to May 2023. A beta peptide levels and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: NSTEMI patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.039), diabetes (p = 0.043), smoking (p = 0.003), and prior myocardial infarction (p = 0.010) compared to STEMI patients. We observed a higher level of A beta-42 in NSTEMI (p = 0.001) but no difference in A beta-40 levels. We also found a correlation between age and NT-proBNP with both A beta peptides (A beta-40, A beta-42) (p = 0.001, p = 0.002 respectively). Conclusions: Our results show that patients with NSTEMI had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and prior myocardial infarction). Considering these results, we propose that A beta-42 can add value to risk stratification in NSTEMI patients.