Study on Energy Management Strategy of Fuel Cell Patrol Vehicle Hybrid Power System

The slow dynamic response of fuel cells has limited the development of fuel cell vehicles to a certain extent, and reasonable energy management strategies are one of the critical issues that need to be resolved to promote the industrialization of fuel cell vehicle. Based on the complex operating conditions of fuel cell patrol vehicles, this paper establishes a model of the vehicle and the component, exploring the impact of energy management strategies on vehicle performance. The simulation results indicate that Fuzzy logic control (FLC) causes significant fluctuations in fuel cell output power under both light and heavy load conditions. Pontryagin minimum principle (PMP) and Adaptive Pontryagin minimum principle (APMP) maintain a constant lower output power near a fixed value and change slightly according to demand. Comprehensively analyzing the two operating conditions, PMP and APMP can stably maintain State of charge (SOC) around the reference value and converge toward the reference value, and the SOC of the FLC strategy is generally lower than the reference value. Under light and heavy load conditions, the average efficiency of the APMP fuel cell system reaches 50.44% and 49.58%, respectively, which is similar to the PMP strategy and is respectively improved by 0.67% and 0.32% compared to the FLC strategy.