Electrochemical and Photocatalytic Synthesis of Organic Compounds Utilizing a Greener Approach. A Review

Green chemistry serves as a standardized framework for chemists, medicinal chemists, and chemical engineers to develop methods and synthetic approaches that prioritize global sustainability. It emphasizes environmentally friendly procedures, particularly catalysis, to address issues commonly encountered in conventional synthesis methods. These issues include slow reaction rates, hazardous solvents and catalysts, and prolonged reaction durations. To overcome these challenges, green chemistry advocates for the use of environmentally friendly catalysts, sustainable solvents, and innovative techniques such as microwave and ultrasonic radiation, solvent-free procedures, grinding, and chemo-mechanical methods. In particular, green chemistry supports visible-light photocatalysis, which could be used to selectively and efficiently make and change organic compounds in mild reaction conditions. Additionally, electrosynthesis has emerged as a viable alternative to traditional methods for organic molecule synthesis. Recent advancements in green chemistry have placed a significant emphasis on photocatalytic and electrochemical technologies due to their environmental benefits. This article explores how these developments have enhanced the efficient synthesis of organic compounds. By focusing on current products and techniques, this research contributes to the advancement of environmentally friendly practices in chemistry, highlighting the potential of green chemistry methods for future organic synthesis applications.