Effect of Cu2+ Ions Substitution on Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of CuxNi1−xFe2O4 Nanoparticles

Photocatalytic degradation is a promising emerging method for eliminating dye from contaminated water. The core of photocatalytic degradation lies in the design and preparation of high-performance catalysts that do not produce polluting secondary products. Here, we explore magnetic NiFe2O4 materials doped with varying amounts of Cu2+ ions (CuxNi1−xFe2O4, where x = 0–0.5) via the combustion method to target rhodamine B (RhB) dye removal. To validate whether Cu2+ is incorporated, the structural characteristics of the catalysts were analyzed using physical techniques. The photocatalytic activity of CuxNi1−xFe2O4 (x = 0–0.5) was evaluated based on the degradation of RhB, achieving 97.25