Concurrent BCR‐ABL1 and Core Binding Factor Beta Rearrangement in De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of Literature

A distinct subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+), due to reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). This chromosomal rearrangement leads to the fusion of the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene on chromosome 22 with the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9, generating the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene. The Ph+ AML subtype is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Beyond the well-established BCR::ABL1 fusion, recent studies have shed light on additional genetic abnormalities in Ph+ AML, including associations with rearrangements involving core binding factor beta (CBFB). We describe a case of de novo AML with concurrent BCR::ABL1 and CBFB::MYH11 rearrangements.