Severe A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza acute encephalopathy outbreak in children in Tuscany, Italy, December 2023 to January 2024.

Luca Bartolini,Silvia Ricci,Chiara Azzari,Maria Moriondo,Francesco Nieddu, Manuela L'Erario, Zaccaria Ricci, Gabriele Simonini,Marzia Mortilla,Giuseppe Indolfi,Carlotta Montagnani,Elena Chiappini,Luisa Galli, Renzo Guerrini

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin（2024）

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摘要

A severe outbreak of influenza A(H1N1pdm09) infection in seven children (median age: 52 months) occurred between December 2023 and January 2024 in Tuscany, Italy. Clinical presentation ranged from milder encephalopathy to acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) with coma and multiorgan failure; one child died. This report raises awareness for clinicians to identify and treat early acute encephalopathy caused by H1N1 influenza and serves as a reminder of severe presentations of influenza in young children and the importance of vaccination.

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