Osseointegration Potential of Boron-Coated Titanium Alloy Pedicle Screw in Rabbit Spine Model

Spinal implants’ longevity is crucial, but titanium alloys, while advantageous, lack strong bone integration. This study aimed to achieve better osseointegration rates by utilizing the ability of boron compounds to transform stem cells in the vertebra into osteoblasts. Twenty male albino rabbits were divided into control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 10) groups. Control group received titanium alloy pedicle screws, while experimental group received boron-coated titanium alloy screws. Under general anesthesia, screws were inserted into the L6 and L7 lumbar spines. After 16 weeks, all animals were euthanized for histological examination. Vertebra samples underwent decalcification and H E staining. Microscopic examination assessed osseointegration, necrosis, fibrosis, and vascularization using a triple scoring system by two blinded observers. In the boron-coated titanium alloy group, all subjects exhibited osseointegration, with 50