Association between body image and skipping meals behavior among premarital women of reproductive age

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Wanita usia subur (WUS) pranikah perlu memperhatikan kecukupan gizinya, karena sebagai calon ibu status gizi wanita usia subur prakonsepsi akan mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang janin, kesehatan bayi, keselamatan ibu dan bayi selama proses melahirkan. Namun pada masa pranikah ini, perhatian terhadap body image biasanya meningkat, dimana hal ini dapat mempengaruhi perilaku makan seseorang, salah satunya perilaku skipping meals. Perilaku skipping meals berdampak pada kualitas diet yang buruk yang pada akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi status gizinya.

Tujuan: Mengetahui adanya hubungan antara body image dengan perilaku skipping meals pada wanita usia subur pranikah di Kabupaten Bantul.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 132 WUS pranikah di Kabupaten Bantul yang mendaftarkan pernikahannya di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA). Pengukuran body image menggunakan Body Shape Questionnaire-34 (BSQ-34) dan perilaku skipping meals diidentifikasi menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney dikarenakan data tidak terdistribusi normal.

Hasil: Sejumlah 30,3% responden mempunyai body image negatif. Nilai median perilaku skipping meals responden adalah 2 kali/minggu. Responden yang mempunyai body image negatif lebih sering melakukan skipping meals yaitu 4 kali/minggu dibandingkan dengan responden yang mempunyai body image positif yaitu 2 kali/minggu. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara body image dengan perilaku skipping meals p<0,001.

Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara body image dengan perilaku skipping meals. Disarankan bagi Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) untuk memberikan materi terkait body image dan pentingnya makan secara teratur guna mencegah masalah gizi pada masa kehamilan pada kegiatan bimbingan perkawinan.

KATA KUNCI: body image; skipping meals behavior; wanita usia subur pranikah

ABSTRACT

Background: Premarital women of reproductive age need to care about their nutritional adequacy, because as prospective mothers, the nutritional status of premarital women of reproductive age will affect the fetal growth and development, infant health, mother and baby safety during childbirth. But at this time, their concern of body image increases which can affect the eating behavior, one of which is skipping meals behavior. Skipping meals behavior has an impact on poor diet quality, in the long term, it can affect the nutritional status.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to describe the association between body image and skipping meals behavior among premarital women of reproductive age in Bantul District.

Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted on 132 premarital women of reproductive age in Bantul district who registered their marriage at the office of religious affairs. Body image measurement used Body Shape Questionnaire 34 (BSQ-34) and skipping meals behavior was measured by questionnaire. Data was analyzed with Mann-Whitney because data was not normally distributed.

Results: A 30.3% of respondents had a negative body image. The median value of a respondent’s skipping meals behavior was 2 times/week. Respondents who had a negative body image more often do skipping meals 4 times/week compared to respondents who had a positive body image 2 times/week. The result of bivariate analysis showed a significant association between body image and skipping meals behavior p<0,001.

Conclusions: There was a significant association between body image and skipping meals behavior. It is recommended for the office of religious affairs to provide material related to body image and the importance of eating regularly to prevent nutritional problems during pregnancy in marriage guidance activities.

KEYWORDS: body image; skipping meals behavior; premarital women of reproductive age