VENKOVSKÁ KRAJINA OSTROVA SOKOTRY POD VLIVEM GLOBÁLNÍ KLIMATICKÉ ZMĚNY / THE COUNTRYSIDE OF SOCOTRA ISLAND UNDER INFLUENCE OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

The rural landscape on the Socotra Island completely predominates, the urban landscape can only be discussed in connection with the capital city Hadibo (about 20 thousand inhabitants).The most predominant type of farming in the rural landscape is pastoralism, mainly goats and sheep are raised, to a lesser extent cows, camels, and the donkey is an endangered farm animal.Family farms are part of community pastures, woodlands, and forests.They are farmed in silvo-pastoral systems, where trees provide an important source of food for livestock in the dry season and at the same time several non-timber forest products (honey, resin, fruits, bast, leaves, firewood).In recent years, populations of tree species, the majority of which are endemic, have been threatened by manifestations of global climate change, especially cyclones, but also by extreme rains and, conversely, lengthening periods of drought.In addition, the high status of farmed animals causes the absence of natural regeneration due to overgrazing.