Analysis of the composition and spatial distribution of bottom sediments of the Bering Sea shelf and bays and fjords of Chukotka have made it possible to characterize recent areas of different hydro- and lithodynamics regimes, to establish bottom areas of marine sedimentation and erosion due to the impact of bottom currents and high storm activity, and to identify the relationship between the distribution of bottom sediments and their geomorphological position.
Приводится анализ данных по предоставлению общего, среднего профессионального и высшего геологического образования в России. Рассмотрена структура и основные черты системы «образование — наука и производство», состояние подготовки специалистов по программам среднего профессионального образования (СПО), бакалавриата, специалитета и магистратуры. Предложены направления по совершенствованию механизмов профессиональной ориентации молодежи, подходов к образовательному процессу и вовлечению кадров в общественное производство. The analysis of general, secondary vocational and higher geological education features in Russia is created. The structure and main process mechanisms of the «education — science and production» system and the state of training specialists in secondary vocational education, bachelor education, specialist’s and master’s degree programs are considered. Main directions for improving mechanisms for professional orientation of young people, approaches to the educational process, and the involvement of personnel in social production are proposed.
This study presents U-Pb dating results for zircon collected from the beaches of recreation zone "Peschanaya" (Sandy) on Lake Baikal. These beaches are formed exclusively by the erosion of Early Proterozoic rapakivi granites from the Primorsky Complex. Zircon from the granites yields a U-Pb age (ID-TIMS) of 1859±16 Ma, with an average U concentration of ~120 μg/g. Analysis of detrital zircon from the beaches of recreation zone "Peschanaya" was conducted using the ID-TIMS method on three aliquots and two in-situ methods – LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP – on multiple (>600) individual grains. The new ID-TIMS and SHRIMP data are in complete agreement with each other, yielding ages of 1853.6±6.5 Ma and 1853.0±3.3 Ma, respectively. The LA-ICP-MS data, obtained in 7 Russian and 1 Chinese laboratory, are in general consistence with these results. Zircon from the beaches of the recreational zone "Peschanyа" is recommended as a secondary standard for U-Pb dating of early Precambrian samples.
Four cores of 1–3 m length recovered by gravity corers from the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea (Russian East Arctic shelf) were subjected to paleomagnetic studies. The latter together with radiocarbon dating and magnetic susceptibility allowed to make a stratigraphic reference to several other sections of marine sediments obtained in the shelf. The distribution of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene sediments along the shelf of the East Arctic seas of Russia appears to be controlled by the hypsometric position and association with certain geomorphological elements of the relief. All cores revealed a common trend of gradual decrease of inclination downcore compared to the current dipole inclination at the coring sites. Several, well-defined shallow positive and negative inclinations have been identified which could reflect geomagnetic excursions in the Holocene or at the Holocene-Pleistocene boundary.
