The Accra Institute of Technology (AIT), is an independent technology-focused research university based in Accra, Ghana. The university comprises six schools and three institutes.
Background: Retaining medical doctors remains a major challenge for health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where workforce instability undermines continuity of care and service delivery. Although total rewards are widely used to improve retention, it remains unclear whether doctors stay because rewards are available or because they perceive them as fair and adequate. Aim: To examine whether reward adequacy and reward expectation mediate the relationship between total rewards and medical doctor retention. Setting: The study was conducted in public healthcare facilities in Ghana. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 medical doctors recruited through stratified facility-level sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and SmartPLS version 4. Partial least squares structural equation modelling assessed measurement validity and bootstrapped direct and indirect effects. Results: Total rewards had no significant direct effect on retention intention (β = 0.048, p = 0.507). Total rewards positively influenced reward adequacy (β = 0.689, p < 0.001), and reward adequacy positively influenced retention intention (β = 0.623, p < 0.001). Reward adequacy significantly mediated the total rewards–retention relationship (β = 0.429, p < 0.001), whereas reward expectation did not. Conclusion: The retention value of total rewards depends primarily on doctors’ perceptions of adequacy, fairness and sufficiency. Health systems should prioritise transparent and equitable reward structures rather than relying solely on financial and non-financial incentives. Contribution: The study identifies reward adequacy as the principal mechanism through which total rewards influence medical doctor retention in an LMIC primary healthcare context.
One of the challenges facing the Nigerian Civil Service today is the failure of both the Federal and State governments to adequately compensate their workforce. This has inevitably affected the overall performance of employees and has, over the years, made performance very low among civil servants. Based on the aforementioned arguments, this study investigated compensation management on employee performance in the Ondo State Civil Service. It specifically examined how regular salaries, irregular appointments & promotions, and poor incentives influence employees' performance in the Ondo State Civil Service. The study utilised a descriptive research design where a questionnaire was used in gathering responses from one hundred and fifty (150) level 01-13 employees from a population of one thousand one hundred and fifty- eight (1,158) staff of seven (7) MDAs in Ondo State. The findings of the study indicated that the correlation coefficients between employee performance and prompt payment of salaries, rewards, and incentives were significantly positive. Findings revealed that regular salary affected employees’ performance; additionally, irregular appointment and promotions significantly affected employees’ performance, and poor incentive has positive effect on employees’ performance in the Ondo State Civil Service, Nigeria. The study concluded that effective compensation management will significantly contribute to improved employee performance in the Ondo State Civil Service. However, utilising strong compensation strategies to enhance employee motivation and overall service quality within the civil service will lead to improved job satisfaction and effective service delivery. Keywords: Compensation Management, Employees’ Performance, Irregular Appointments and Promotions, Poor Incentives and Regular Salary
Phubbing is a behavioural concept of social and human interaction that has created disaffection in conversations and has increasingly become a great concern for many. This phenomenon was assessed to address its negative effects in society by examining and documenting its literature trends and relationships, thereby adding to existing knowledge in this area. A thorough bibliometric analysis was conducted on 58 English-language articles on phubbing and related keywords from the Scopus database published from 2018 to 2022. VOSviewer and R tool packages were used to perform performance analysis, science mappings and the organisation and presentation of the data to identify article growth dimensions, relationships, and trends. Phubbing has attracted significant attention and impacted our daily activities, with a 51.37% growth in article publications and a 25.86% increase in international authorship collaboration. This is mainly from high-impact authors and documents in the United States, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. The research thematic areas are centred around smartphones, social media, and parent-child relationships. The research will help to minimise the negative impact of phubbing on human endeavours and promote peaceful coexistence in society by improving our social and moral values. It will also improve knowledge in understanding the evolution of literature to advance future research efforts. This study is unique in harnessing efforts and experience from around the world to deepen understanding and benefit society. Further research should be conducted on phubbing and mental health and their impact on children's growth
For many years, U.S. financial institutions have relied on manual, investigator-based workflows to generate Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs). In today's era of financial crime, filing of SARs under the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) continues to be inefficient, time-consuming, and prone to error. Manual reporting is a huge challenge as consumers report $12.5 billion in fraud losses in 2024 and financial institutions report more than 4 million SARs each year. Today, institutions have spent a lot of money on automated fraud detection and RegTech solutions and yet, despite these investments, not many institutions can reap significant benefits since automated solutions are often thought of as technology solutions, and not as a transformation of the organization, its processes and people. This narrative review collates peer-reviewed literature across the four themes of the organizational and structural drivers for the transition, change management frameworks for adoption, design and governance characteristics of automated systems, and measured business and compliance impact on the transition to automated systems from 2020 until 2026. However, results from the review demonstrate that the ability to implement structured change management, explain systems to the regulator, align the system with the regulation, and measure performance are significant to achieving automation success, and not just the technical capability itself. These results give compliance officers and financial institution executives a single source of evidence to inform their fraud reporting automation investments and maximize impact.
As higher education increasingly adopts blended learning, understanding students preferences for online interaction platforms becomes critical for effective course delivery and engagement. This study investigates the platforms undergraduate students prefer for academic communication and explores the underlying reasons for these choices. Data were collected from 37 students enrolled in two summer courses at a Ghanaian university using a structured questionnaire consisting of both closed and open-ended items. Quantitative results revealed a strong preference for instant messaging platforms such as WhatsApp and Telegram over institutional learning management systems. Qualitative content analysis of the open-ended responses identified five key factors influencing platform preference: convenience and familiarity, ease of use, accessibility, popularity among peers, and support for real-time interactions. These findings highlight a significant mismatch between students communication habits and institutional platform offerings. The study highlights the importance of aligning digital learning strategies with students lived digital experiences to enhance interaction, collaboration, and learner satisfaction in blended learning environments.
