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The present study describes a rare case of intestinal malrotation in which the common hepatic artery originated from the superior mesenteric artery, focusing on the morphology of the gastrointestinal tract and vascular distribution. The cadaver was that of an 84-year-old woman donated for research and education; the cause of death was acute renal failure, without a history of gastrointestinal disease or abdominal surgery except for gastrostomy. During anatomical dissection, an abnormal colonic position was identified; the entire gastrointestinal tract was resected. The isolated tract was examined by computed tomography scanning with three-dimensional reconstruction; furthermore, the vessels were dissected and documented using line drawings. In this case, the jejunum and ileum were located on the left side of the abdominal cavity, while the colon was located on the right side. The common hepatic artery originated from the superior mesenteric artery. The common hepatic artery and portal vein ascended anterior to the pancreas and superior part of the duodenum, while the bile duct passed anterior to the superior duodenum and coursed posteriorly around the portal vein. The superior mesenteric artery and vein descended posterior to the horizontal part of the duodenum. The present case suggests clockwise midgut rotation during development, corresponding to the reversed rotation type of intestinal malrotation. The coexistence of this condition with biliary and vascular anomalies has not been previously reported. Recognition of vascular anomalies might be clinically important, particularly during surgical procedures involving the duodenum, pancreas, or biliary tract.
The counting loss correction is necessary for clinical and industrial use of the energy-resolving photon counting detector (ERPCD). The purpose of this study is to propose a counting loss correction method that takes into consideration the differences in effective atomic number (Zeff) for each pixel of X-ray image. The applicable range is 3 <= Zeff <= 20. Experimentally obtained counting loss data for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, Zeff = 6.5) and aluminum (Al, Zeff = 13) were used to generate correction functions for virtual materials (Zeff = 3, 4, 5, ..., 20). To verify the validity of our method, PMMA, Al, bilayer structures of PMMA and Al, and silicone powder (Si, Zeff = 14) were measured with the prototype ERPCD system using a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) semiconductor detector, which is a slit-scanning type imaging device used in plain X-ray radiography. The accuracy of the Zeff images obtained by applying the correction algorithm was within +/- 1 of the theoretical Zeff value under plain Xray radiography conditions. This result demonstrates the importance of counting loss correction for quantitative imaging with ERPCD.
This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength and surface roughness of the enamel after removal of ceramic brackets with CO2 laser. Thirty extracted premolars were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10): Untreated enamel (GI), Conventional debonding (GII), and CO2 laser debonding (GIII). Polycrystalline ceramic brackets were adhered on the buccal surface of GII and GIII groups, using 35
Objective: Dietary diversity and eating behaviour are recognised as factors influencing body composition; however, their association with fat-free mass index and body fat mass index remains unclear. Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed the relationships among body composition indices (BMI, FFMI, BFMI), self-reported eating speed, and dietary diversity in 10 644 healthy adults aged 18-64years (4419 women and 6225 men; mean age 41.9 years) who visited hospitals for health checkups. Results: The dietary variety score showed a positive association with muscle mass in men and a significant negative association with body fat mass index in women (fat-free mass index: beta = 0.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.01 to 0.05, p = 0.04; body fat mass index: beta = -0.07, 95% confidence interval: -0.15 to-0.01, p < 0.01). Regarding eating speed, a consistent trend was observed in both sexes: the fast-eating group showed significantly higher body mass index, fat-free mass index, and body fat mass index values (p < 0.01), whereas the slow-eating group had lower values. Conclusions: These associations were more pronounced in men than in women. Both dietary diversity and eating speed were associated with body composition indices, with notable sex-related differences. These findings suggest that dietary behaviour and diversity may influence body composition.
