The Autonomous University of Campeche (in Spanish: Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, UACAM) is a Mexican public university based in the city of Campeche, Campeche, that has several campuses across the state. It was founded in 1965 as the Universidad del Sudeste (University of the Southeast).Its library holds over 18,000 volumes.
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) represent a potential threat to marine wildlife, altering physiological and gene expression pathways. In this short communication, we evaluated the hepatic transcript abundance of vitellogenin isoforms (vtg1 and vtg2) and estrogen receptors (esr1 and esr2) in wild male (n=12) and female (n=3) gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) acquired from artisanal commercial landings along the coast of Campeche, Mexico (Southern Gulf of Mexico). Four out of twelve males (33.3%) exhibited a marked upregulation of vtg1 and esr1 mRNA, reaching levels comparable to the female reference baseline. In contrast, vtg2 and esr2 transcripts remained low or near detection thresholds across all males. Methodological constraints include the absence of direct analytical chemical measurements, the small size of the female reference group (n=3), and the lack of morphometric and histological data. Furthermore, gene expression induction alone does not prove functional endocrine disruption or reproductive impairment. Rather, these results provide localized molecular evidence consistent with xenoestrogenic exposure in male gray snapper from the Southern Gulf of Mexico, supporting the application of vtg1 and esr1 as sensitive screening targets for coastal monitoring.
Microplastics (MPs) serve as carriers of toxic compounds, which affects the resistance and susceptibility of fish to acquiring high parasitic infections and diseases. Moreover, the additive effect of MPs and parasites may cause a greater impact on host immunity and health. Despite the importance of the interaction between MPs and parasitic infections in aquatic organisms, these studies are scarce. We collected a total of 69 L. laevigatus and 21 S. spengleri from Seybaplaya, Campeche, México, and 20 µl of blood was obtained from each fish for their blood differential. The parasites recovered from each fish were fixed and identified, and the infection parameters were calculated. MPs were identified and classified, then were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and OMNIC software. The data set was analyzed by generalized additive models of location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). Through generalized additive model analysis, we observed a quantitative effect on parasite infection in wild puffer fish associated with MPs, with alteration in the different hematological line cells (ED 78
Haemonchus contortus is a parasite of ruminants that causes significant economic losses on farms worldwide. Purpureocillium lilacinum (Pl), a member of the Hypocreales group, is a natural enemy of nematodes. Pl invades nematodes and produces bioactive nematocidal compounds. This study aims to investigate the major compounds produced by Pl using bio-fermentation and to identify the ovicidal activity (Oa) of its fungal extract against H. contortus. The extract was fractionated using chromatography techniques. The highest Oa (90%) was observed at a concentration of 40 mg/mL (Reunions 13-16). Meanwhile, at 10 mg/ml in reunions 21 and 24, an 83.7% ovicidal activity (Oa) was achieved. From these reunions, two fractions - F8 and F28 - were collected and subsequently analysed by HPLC. Gallate group derivatives were identified and may be linked to Oa.
Sylviocarcinus pictus is a freshwater crab widely distributed across the Amazon basin and coastal basins of northern South America. In the Xingu River basin, Pará, Brazil, the species is found from its middle portion up to the confluence with the Amazon River. This extensive distribution led to questions about the influence of the Volta Grande do Xingu rapids on genetic diversification between populations above and below this area. To explore this hypothesis, 39 mitochondrial gene sequences (COI and 16S rRNA) from 22 samples collected from both areas were analysed in a phylogeographic context. Bayesian Inference and haplotype networks revealed at least two genetically distinct lineages of S. pictus in the Xingu River. The resulting genetic structure found within these populations raised questions about the taxonomic cohesion of the taxon and the potential existence of cryptic species that warrant further investigation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular study on the genetic structure of a Sylviocarcinus species from the Amazon basin. Given the novelty and the underestimated diversity in this region, we advocate for additional studies on morphological and taxonomic approaches about this taxon to contribute to a future understanding of the evolutionary history of the genus.
