Brahmanbaria Medical College

Background: Eclampsia is a severe and life-threatening complication of pregnancy, characterized by the onset of seizures in a woman with preeclampsia. This hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is associated with a range of maternal complications, presenting a significant challenge in obstetric care. Maternal complications of this nature can significantly affect both maternal and perinatal health, potentially leading to higher rates of mortality and morbidity. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of eclampsia in Brahmanbaria Medical College and Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Brahmanbaria Medical College and Hospital, Brahmanbaria, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2021. The study included 56 pregnant women with eclampsia purposively. Demographic and clinical information was recorded, and data analysis and dissemination were carried out using MS Office tools. Results: Regarding perinatal outcomes, 80% of cases resulted in live births, with a 57% survival rate. Among live births, 4% experienced post-birth mortality, and 11% faced early neonatal death. Among live births (n=45), a significant 69% experienced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Maternal complications included abruptio placenta in 32% of cases, HELLP syndrome in 5%, and maternal death occurred in 5% of cases. Conclusions: Eclampsia assessment shows complex perinatal and maternal outcomes. Live births are common, but survival is challenging. High post-birth and neonatal mortality highlight newborn vulnerability. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) worsens newborn health concerns. Maternal issues like abruptio-placenta, HELLP syndrome, and maternal death further complicate matters. J Rang Med Col. March 2024; Vol. 9, No. 1: 39-43

Background: In last few decades, there was a trend in medical sector observing with more female admitted into different medical colleges of Bangladesh. So, this research was aimed to investigate the extent of feminization of medical education in Bangladesh. Methods: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted from July’22 to June’23. Data was collected through reviewing the document to find the extent of feminization in last 15 years. Results: Out of 73481 seats, 40567 (55.21%) female and 32914 (44.79%) male were admitted in different Government, Non-Government and Armed Forces Medical Colleges of Bangladesh over 10years period. Considering the total number of students graduated, out of 42597 students, 22763 (53.44%) female and 19834 (46.56%) male graduated from different Government, Non-Government and Armed Forces Medical Colleges of Bangladesh. Out of 35993 MBBS graduates registered in Bangladesh Medical & Dental Council (BM&DC), 18411 (51.15%) male and 17582 (48.85%) female were registered. Conclusion: The findings of this research hoped to find out the future impact of extent of feminization of medical education on health care delivery system of Bangladesh and possible ways to overcome from such situation. BJME, Volume-15, Issue-01, January 2024: 49-56

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific, multi-system disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Its exact etiology remains unknown, and globally, it stands as a prominent cause of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the comparative demographic and clinical profile of preeclamptic and normal pregnant women in the third trimester. Methods: This case-control study took place in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, spanning from July 2011 to June 2012. The study enrolled 100 pregnant women, with 50 cases diagnosed with preeclampsia and 50 controls representing normal pregnant women. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The mean ages of cases (25.8 ± 4.4 years) and controls (27.1 ± 3.1 years) were similar (P=0.177). A predominant proportion of cases (74%) and controls (66%) belonged to a lower social class (P=0.383). BMI assessment showed no significant difference (P= 0.645). Most participants in both groups were preterm (P=0.235) and primigravida (P= 0.422). The case group exhibited significantly higher mean serum ferritin than the control group (P<0.001). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels showed no significant differences (P=0.761 and P=0.231, respectively). Elevated serum ferritin (>20 ng/ml) was prevalent in 76% of cases and 44% of controls (P=0.001). The odds of elevated serum ferritin in preeclampsia were approximately 4 times higher than in normal pregnancies (95% CI=1.7–9.5). Variations in serum ferritin levels across gestational ages are illustrated. Conclusion: The study found no significant correlation between preeclamptic and normal pregnant women's demographic and clinical status in the third trimester, except for serum ferritin levels. Further research is needed to obtain a clearer understanding of these relationships.

Background: Statins are used to lower serum cholesterol. Recent preclinical and clinical research focuses on articular cartilage regeneration aspects of statin. This review summarizes the effects of statins on knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Published preclinical and clinical literature till November 2021 were searched in PubMed and PubMed Central databases. Articles not written in English, not relevant for the review, and un-published evidence were excluded. Finally, 27 papers were reviewed and presented in the study. Results: A total of 27 articles have been included-13 clinical and 14 preclinical studies. Preclinical studies showed statin-induced chondroprotective effects; these included in vitro studies on human or animal-derived degenerated articular cartilage as well as OA animal models. Chondroprotective effects of statins are thought to mediate by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, prevent-ing synovial inflammation, and inhibiting catabolic-stress-induced aging of cartilage. Preclinical study outcomes were based on biochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic (histology) assessments and seemed promising in cartilage regeneration. In the 13 clinical studies, the effect of statins on human OA is inconclusive: some showing improvement of OA symptoms, and others depict signs of aggravation and radiological progression. No randomized controlled trial (RCT) has tested the efficacy of intra-articular statins in clinical knee OA, and it seems feasible to avoid oral statin-associated severe adverse effects. Conclusion: There are no arguments to recommend oral statins in clinical OA-knee. An RCT test-ing the efficacy of oral statins in patients with OA knee was never done and still seems justified, as well as a prospective phase-II clinical trial for intra-articular statins in different types of OA.

Introduction: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a rare focal soft tissue rheumatic disease. Due to heavy rural work, we questioned whether PS was more prevalent in the rainy monsoon than in other seasons. In this pilot research, we studied the pattern of PS, the frequency of PS over the seasons, and whether there were typical preceding events. Methods: In this time-series descriptive study, PS cases diagnosed in a community-based clinic between January 2018 and December 2019 were enrolled. PS was diagnosed by clinical features and a 50% immediate pain relief from ultrasonogram-guided lidocaine (2%) injection in the piriformis muscle (PM). PS mimics were excluded. Results: A total of 38 PS cases (11 males) were enrolled consecutively. In 2018, during dry winter (November-February), pre-monsoon (March-May), and rainy monsoon (June-October), nine, seven, and one PS cases were diagnosed, respectively; in 2019, the numbers were three, eight, and seven, respectively. Thus, over two years, 12 PS patients were diagnosed in dry winter, 15 in pre-monsoon, and eight in rainy monsoon. There was no correlation with the type of preceding events. There were no differences in the pattern of PS between the seasons. Conclusions: In this pilot study, over two years more new PS cases were observed in the pre-monsoon and dry winter than in the rainy season; this was not supporting our research question. There was no association with specific preceding events.