Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception

A bstract We apply the conformal compensating technique for constructing matter couplings to conformal scalars on a D -dimensional foliated conformal Carroll manifold dividing the tangent space into ( p + 1)-dimensional longitudinal and ( D − p − 1)-dimensional transversal directions corresponding to p -branes. We show that the conformal Carroll algebra that was used for particle-like foliated geometries with p = 0 cannot be used for higher-dimensional objects, called p -branes, with 0 < p ≤ D − 2. Furthermore, string-like foliated geometries are not suitable for the conformal compensating technique due to the conformal invariance in the longitudinal directions that is present for p = 1. All other cases can be dealt with provided one uses a different conformal extension of the Carroll algebra that amounts to a conformal extension in the longitudinal directions only supplemented with an additional an-isotropic dilatation. By brane-duality similar results hold for foliated Galilean geometries which we present as well. Our results nicely fit in with recent work on foliated Aristotelian geometries.

The ultrarelativistic (Carrollian) regime of gravity has recently emerged as a fertile framework for exploring holography, non-Lorentzian symmetries, and geometric limit of general relativity. In this Letter, we establish the presence of a nonvanishing torsion within three-dimensional Carrollian gravity by constructing the Carrollian Mielke-Baekler (C-MB) gravity theory in its Chern-Simons formulation, obtained as the ultrarelativistic limit of the relativistic Mielke-Baekler model. The resulting C-MB theory features nonzero temporal torsion and curvature, together with spatial curvature, providing the most general three-dimensional Carrollian gravity model with these properties. Temporal torsion affects nonaffinity of null generators and boundary dynamics. Several known ultrarelativistic gravity theories arise as particular limits of this framework, highlighting its unifying character.

Small estuaries and coastal lagoons, which are common in Mediterranean climates such as California, Australia and central Chile, are ecologically important systems that can alternate between open (ocean-connected) and closed states depending on the balance between river discharge and wave-driven sediment transport. Under drought conditions, these systems can remain closed for extended periods, which alters hydrodynamic, sedimentary, and ecological processes. This study examines the response of small intermittent estuarine systems to two atmospheric river (AR) events that impacted central Chile in 2023, delivering extreme precipitation, sharp increases in river discharge, and widespread flooding. Using high-resolution satellite imagery and open-source image processing algorithms, we tracked the state of 176 river mouths between 32 degrees S and 38 degrees S, documenting breaching and subsequent closure in the following months. Our results show that the vast majority of river mouths and coastal lagoons re-established connectivity with the ocean after the ARs, including several that had remained closed for multiple years. Subsequent inlet closures followed a clear north-to-south latitudinal progression, consistent with the transition to wetter climates. Analysis of river discharge and inlet width revealed a strong correlation for Andean-fed rivers with sustained baseflows, while this link was weaker for small coastal rivers that were closed prior to the ARs. The combined analysis of river discharge, wave forcing and inlet state data suggests a nonlinear response in which the timing and sequencing of fluvial and wave forcings govern inlet state transitions. Overall, our findings demonstrate that ARs, which are projected to increase in frequency, can rapidly reset coastal morphology and temporarily restore ocean connectivity in drought-impacted Mediterranean-type coasts.

We report the bulk soil electrical conductivity and relative permittivity at a site in the Canadian High Arctic (79.37980 degrees N, 90.99885 degrees W). The soil parameters are determined using impedance measurements of a dipole antenna mounted horizontally 52 cm above the surface. The antenna is part of the Mapper of the IGM Spin Temperature (MIST) radio cosmology experiment. The measurements were conducted on July 17-28, 2022, every 111 minutes, and in the frequency range 25-125 MHz. To estimate the soil parameters, we compare the impedance measurements with models produced from numerical electromagnetic simulations of the antenna, considering single- and two-layer soil models. Our best-fit soil model corresponds to a two-layer model in which the electrical parameters are consistent with unfrozen soil at the top and frozen soil underneath. The best-fit parameters further agree with measurements done at other Arctic sites with more traditional techniques, such as capacitively-coupled resistivity, electrical resistivity tomography, and ground-penetrating radar.

Individuals with entrepreneurial experience evaluating opportunities in uncertain contexts rely on complex cognitive and social processes shaped by their psychological dispositions and perceptions of the environment. This study adopts a configurational perspective to examine how combinations of technological awareness, risk-taking, social influence, effort expectancy, and perceived innovativeness influence the psychological evaluation of technological opportunities. In doing so, the study advances methodfological practice by implementing an integrated, fully theory-driven fsQCA design at the individual level—a methodological approach that remains rare in entrepreneurial cognition research and enables the systematic identification of complex cognitive patterns underlying opportunity evaluation. Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) on data from 404 individuals with prior or current involvement in technology ventures, each randomly assigned to evaluate one vignette describing an opportunity in artificial intelligence, fintech, biotechnology, or smart textiles, we identify three configurations associated with high Opportunity Beliefs (OB) and two with high Expected Returns (ER), along with two additional configurations explaining their negated outcomes. No single condition emerges as necessary for either outcome, underscoring the conjunctural and asymmetric nature of cognitive evaluations under uncertainty. A representative configuration leading to high OB combines elevated technological awareness, strong risk-taking, and social influence with high perceived innovativeness and prior entrepreneurial experience. Conversely, low OB and ER are primarily linked to heightened effort expectancy coupled with reduced social or technological awareness. These findings illustrate the principle of equifinality, showing that distinct cognitive–contextual combinations can produce similar evaluative outcomes—both positive and negative. The study contributes to cognitive and social psychology by demonstrating that integrated patterns of attentional, motivational, and social mechanisms—rather than isolated variables—underpin opportunity evaluation processes. By adopting a sample of self-identified individuals with entrepreneurial exposure rather than a verified founder population, the study offers theoretically grounded and ecologically valid insights into the cognitive configurations underlying opportunity assessment in technology-related contexts.