Gwangju Health University (GHU) is a private bachelor's degree-granting community college located in Gwangju Metropolitan City, South Korea. Established in 1972, GHU, has received national accreditation by the Ministry of Education as a World Class College in 2013, rated "Level A" for Structure Reformation Evaluation in 2016, and rated "Level S" for Specialized Education since 2015. There are over 4,000 students attending one of fourteen academic programs on campus. The academic programs at GHU focus on humanities and social sciences and the natural sciences. Various 2-year associate degree programs, 3-year associate degree programs, 4-year bachelor's degree program, and intensive study programs for a bachelor's degree (전공심화과정) are offered at GHU.
Objectives: To develop a draft national test evaluation target that reflects the practical job competency of dental hygienists, and to determine its validity. Methods: The draft national test evaluation target comporised a job analysis and a literature survey of dental hygienists. Results: The job analysis was classified into six major categories: 18 middle categories, 93 job items and behavioral indicators. Conclusions: In this study, basic data for practical competency evaluation has been collected to facilitate improvement in the quality of the national examination for dental hygienists, and to determine the direction of the curriculum.
Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, with approximately 80% of survivors experiencing initial motor dysfunction. While robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) and virtual reality (VR) have emerged as promising interventions, evidence regarding their combined effectiveness remains inconsistent. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effects of combined RAGT and VR interventions on lower limb function in stroke patients, specifically examining gait distance, gait speed, and balance ability. Materials and methods: Five international databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched from inception to October 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating combined RAGT and VR interventions. Quality assessment used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 with random-effects models. Subgroup analyses examined intervention session number and stroke phase. Results: Seven RCTs involving 299 stroke patients were included. Combined RAGT and VR demonstrated significant improvements in gait distance (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07–0.75; p = 0.02) and balance ability (SMD = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.37–1.26; p = 0.0004). Gait speed improvement was not statistically significant (SMD = 0.29; 95% CI: −0.23–0.82; p = 0.28). Twelve-session protocols benefited gait distance in acute-phase patients, while 18+-session protocols improved balance in chronic-phase patients. Conclusions: Combined RAGT and VR interventions effectively enhance gait distance and balance in stroke patients, with effects varying by intervention intensity and recovery stage. Personalized rehabilitation strategies may optimize therapeutic outcomes.
