Hainan Medical University, or HMU (simplified Chinese: 海南医学院; traditional Chinese: 海南醫學院; pinyin: Hǎinán Yī Xuéyuàn) is a public university in Haikou in the Chinese province of Hainan, that offers degrees in medicine. It was established in 1993 .
Ag+ and Hg2+ are soft, thiophilic cations of high environmental and biomedical relevance, yet their closely related coordination preferences make differential sensing nontrivial. This review surveys multifunctional fluorescent probes that discriminate or simultaneously report Ag+/Hg2+, organized by fluorophore scaffold and transduction mechanism. Across eight scaffold classes, 1,8-naphthalimide, rhodamine/rhodol/xanthene, coumarin, BODIPY, aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active (e.g., tetraphenylethene), polycyclic aromatics (anthracene/pyrene/naphthalene), heteroaromatics and benzo-fused heterocycles (pyridine, thiophene, benzimidazole/oxadiazole/benzothiadiazole, naphthyridine, triarylamine), and long-wavelength specialty dyes (squaraine, anthraquinone, phosphinine), we map recognition motifs (S/S, Se-enriched chelators, N,O-donor arrays, triazoles, crown/azacrown, thio/semicarbazide, thioketal) to signal transduction pathways, including intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) modulation, chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF)/ chelation-enhanced quenching (CHEQ), excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT), AIE, and reaction-gated conversions (e.g., rhodamine spirocyclic opening, desulfurization, thioketal cleavage). We compare response formats (turn-on/turn-off, ratiometric, lifetime/anisotropy), media compatibility (buffered aqueous solutions, paper/hydrogel strips, complex water matrices), and biological use cases (live-cell imaging), and benchmark figures of merit (dynamic range, limits of detection, binding stoichiometry/affinity, kinetics, photostability, and selectivity panels against Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, alkali/alkaline-earth cations, and biologically relevant anions/thiols). Case studies highlight orthogonal readouts that enable Ag+/Hg2+ discrimination, such as distinct emission maxima, colorimetric shifts, reversible masking with chelators, as well as aggregation- or reaction-driven amplification suitable for portable formats. Persistent challenges include the demand for water-soluble, low-background probes that operate with minimal organic cosolvent, sustained performance in complex matrices, and red/near-infrared (NIR) emission for deep-tissue imaging. We conclude with design principles that emphasize atom-economical synthesis, biocompatible scaffolds, orthogonal binding sites, and dual-channel transduction as a route to robust, field-deployable, and bioimaging-ready Ag+/Hg2+ sensors.
Antibiotic contamination in water bodies has necessitated effective and sustainable wastewater treatment strategies. In this study, durian shell-derived activated carbon (DSAC) was synthesized via pyrolysis combined with KOH activation, and its adsorption performance for antibiotics from aqueous solutions was systematically investigated. DSAC was characterized by FTIR, XPS, Raman, XRD, and BET. The results revealed that DSAC-3 exhibited a high surface area (3008 m2 g−1) and a well-developed porous structure. This study investigated the effects of pH, initial antibiotic concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature on the adsorption capacity of DSAC-3 for CHL and TC. The maximum adsorption capacities for TC and CHL calculated by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model reached 581.7 mg g−1 and 425 mg g−1, corresponding to removal efficiencies of 78
BackgroundATF3 was found to play a complex role in various cancers; however, its systematic function in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and across pan-cancer contexts remained incompletely understood.MethodsA comprehensive evaluation of ATF3 expression, diagnostic efficacy, prognostic relevance, and its association with the tumor immune microenvironment was conducted across multiple cancer types using publicly available databases. In KIRC, ATF3 expression in cell lines was validated through real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence tests. Assessments of immune cell infiltration and functional enrichment studies were also carried out. Ultimately, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were implemented to clarify the role of ATF3 at the cellular level in KIRC.ResultsATF3 expression was observed to be downregulated in most cancers and was shown to possess diagnostic and prognostic value. Experimentally, ATF3 was confirmed to be downregulated in KIRC cell lines. In KIRC, higher ATF3 expression was connected with an improved outcome. Functional analyses indicated that ATF3 was involved in the IL-17 signaling pathway. The analysis demonstrated that, among seven immune cells with markedly varying infiltration levels, naive B cells and resting memory CD4 T cells were more prevalent in the ATF3 high expression cohort. ScRNA-seq analyses identified endothelial-afferent/efferent arterioles/descending vasa recta (AEAs/DVR) as the key cell, with ATF3 expression primarily detected during the early stage of AEAs/DVR differentiation.ConclusionATF3 was found downregulated in many cancers and proposed as a pan-cancer biomarker; in KIRC, its low level predicted poor outcome, indicating a potential immunotherapy target.
A systematic chemical investigation of the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium limosum ZEN48 resulted in the isolation of four new indole-diketopiperazine alkaloids, limopiperazines A–D (1–4), alongside 16 known analogues (5–20). The structures of the new compounds were determined through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, X-ray crystallography, and biogenetic considerations. Limopiperazine C (3) potently inhibited osteoclast differentiation and disrupted actin ring formation. Integrated RNA sequencing, RT-qPCR and molecular docking revealed that limopiperazine C exerts the anti-osteoclastogenic effect by modulating the ferroptosis signaling pathway via targeting heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox-1), positioning it as a promising lead compound for developing anti-osteoporotic agents.
Objective Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) diagnosis primarily relies on scales, which are highly subjective. CDKN2B-AS1 is highly expressed in stroke patients. This study aims to investigate the clinical value and potential regulatory mechanisms of CDKN2B-AS1 in PSCI. Methods This study included 86 patients with PSCI. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA scales. A mouse PSCI model was established by treating mice with MCAO using the filament occlusion method. An in vitro PSCI model was constructed by treating HT22 cells with OGD/R. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of CDKN2B-AS1, miR-140-3p, Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 mRNA. ROC analysis evaluated the diagnostic value of CDKN2B-AS1. The Morris water maze assessed spatial learning and memory in mice. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors were measured using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and ELISA, respectively. Results CDKN2B-AS1 is significantly upregulated in PSCI patients, with an AUC of 0.877 in ROC analysis. Its expression level is negatively correlated with MoCA scores. CDKN2B-AS1 has been demonstrated to directly bind and negatively regulate miR-140-3p. Knockdown of CDKN2B-AS1 alleviates OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) release, and oxidative stress levels by elevating miR-140-3p level. It also improves cognitive function in MCAO mice. These protective effects are reversed by miR-140-3p inhibition. Conclusion Silencing CDKN2B-AS1 may alleviate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by upregulating miR-140-3p, thereby improving cognitive impairment. CDKN2B-AS1 holds potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PSCI.
