It is Long Island's largest private university. Hofstra originated in 1935 as an extension of New York University (NYU) under the name Nassau College – Hofstra Memorial of New York University. It became an independent Hofstra College in 1939 and gained university status in 1963. Comprising ten schools, including the Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell and Deane School of Law, Hofstra has hosted a series of prominent presidential conferences and several United States presidential debates.
We investigate differences in corporate culture between family and non-family firms using sexual harassment reports as proxies. Firms with weak and permissive cultures are expected to have more sexual harassment incidents but many of them could go unreported due to fears of retribution. In contrast, firms with strong corporate cultures could have fewer incidents but with more of them being reported due to employees feeling safe to do so. We find that family firms led by non-founder CEOs report significantly more sexual harassment cases than founder CEO family firms or non-family firms, with evidence that is more consistent with this pattern reflecting a comparatively stronger corporate culture.
Two specimens of the munidopsid squat lobster Munidopsis arietina Alcock & Anderson, 1894, collected off New South Wales, Australia (> 2,500 m depth), were parasitized by a thompsoniid rhizocephalan. This is the first record of Thompsoniidae H & oslash;eg & Rybakov, 1992, a family of parasitic barnacles characterized by extreme morphological simplification and extensive character loss, infesting a species of Munidopsidae. A combination of molecular evidence and morphological data obtained by both micro-computed tomography and light microscopy indicates that the parasites represent a new species of Thylacoplethus Couti & egrave;re, 1902. This species is described herein with an assessment of its phylogenetic placement within Rhizocephala. Mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (18S) markers reveal instability in the monophyly of both Thylacoplethus and Thompsonia Kossmann, 1872, as well as unresolved relationships among several other rhizocephalan genera and species in various families.
Background: Emerging research suggests online racial discrimination may be related to alcohol use and smoking, though more studies are needed to clarify the associations in diverse populations.Objectives: To explore the associations between online racism and hazardous drinking, smoking status, and co-use among Black, Asian American/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (AANHPI), and Multiracial "Generation Z" emerging adults.Methods: Emerging adults (2,801 Black American AANHPI and Multiracial; 49.3% female) were recruited via online quota-based sampling. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the association between online racism and substance use, adjusting for frequency of social media use, total internet use, and sociodemographic covariates. The Karlson - Holm - Breen method was used to examine the role of depression and anxiety.Results: Among Black emerging adults, online racism was associated with greater odds of substance use (OR = 1.04, p < .001) and current smoking (OR = 1.04, p = .001). A similar pattern emerged for AANHPI (hazardous drinking: OR = 1.05, p < .001), current smoking (OR = 1.06, p < .001), and co-use (OR = 1.07, p < .001), and multiracial (current smoking: OR = 1.06, p = .014; and co-use OR = 1.07, p = .003). Anxiety had more pronounced mediating associations for Black emerging adults, while depression had more pronounced mediating effects for AANHPI and multiracial emerging adults.Conclusion: The widespread and chronic nature of online racism may in aggregate negatively impact substance use at the population level. Addressing online racism may require coordinated action, with future directions including the development of accountability strategies, coping interventions, and affirming digital spaces.
BACKGROUND:TG-43 formalism assumes homogeneous water media, potentially overlooking anatomical heterogeneities that affect dose accuracy. AcurosBV, a model-based dose calculation algorithm, accounts for tissue and material heterogeneities. This study evaluates their dosimetric differences in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy using Harrison-Anderson-Mick (H.A.M.) applicators. PURPOSE:To compare dose-volume histogram (DVH) metrics calculated using TG-43 formalism and AcurosBV in patients treated with HDR brachytherapy using H.A.M. applicators for superficial lesions in the head and neck regions. METHODS:Twenty patients (17 nasal, 3 non-nasal) received HDR brachytherapy with H.A.M. applicators to a total dose of 40 Gy in eight fractions. Original plans calculated with TG-43 formalism were retrospectively re-calculated using AcurosBV (Eclipse v16.1), incorporating Hounsfield unit-based heterogeneity corrections with dose-to-medium reporting. Planning target volumes (PTVs) were contoured by radiation oncologists; organs at risk (OARs) including brain, eyes, lens, optical nerve and skin were auto-segmented using AutoContour (Radformation Inc., NY). DVH metrics (mean dose, D90%, V100%, V150%, V200%, D0.1cc, D0.2cc, D1cc and D2cc) were compared. The isodose distributions from both algorithms were also evaluated slice by slice. Statistical significance was assessed using a paired Student's t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS:AcurosBV consistently reported lower DVH value in PTV than TG-43. The average PTV mean dose was 48.65 ± 1.22 Gy (AcurosBV) versus 50.78 ± 1.40 Gy (TG-43), with significant difference in V100 (-6.43 ± 0.95%, p < 0.003). OAR dose differences were modest (∼1.5%) except for the skin, which showed larger reductions (∼4-5% in D0.1cc-D2cc, p < 10- 8). Visual inspection revealed less conformal isodose distributions in AcurosBV plans due to air cavities and tissue inhomogeneities. CONCLUSION:AcurosBV yielded lower and anatomically informed dose estimates compared with TG-43 in HDR brachytherapy using H.A.M. applicators. These results support clinical adoption of model-based algorithms but warrant caution, as dosimetric differences and prior TG-43 experience may affect existing dose constraints and clinical outcomes.
A recent literature in macroeconomics argues that instead of commercial banks taking in deposits from savers to fund loans, lending itself actually creates deposits. This outcome has been interpreted as lending creating deposits out of thin air or merely because of accounting. I argue that neither interpretation satisfactorily explains the outcome. Rather, I show that a hitherto forgotten explanation from two late nineteenth and early twentieth century scholars can easily demonstrate how lending creates deposits.
