The Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS) is a premier state funded medical college and hospital located in Porompat, Imphal East, Manipur. It was established in 1989 as Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital, commonly referred to as JN Hospital. It has 21 departments, with the addition of a separate Dental College in 2017. As of May 2019, there have been 11 academic batches, nine of the MBBS course and two of the BDS course..
Background: Medicinal plants are used for the treatment of many ailments. Sida rhombifolia which has various medicinal properties is investigated for its effects on blood glucose level of the experimental animals. Methods: The cleaned dried leaves of Sida rhombifolia was Soxhlet with water for Sida rhombifolia extract (SRE). 53 albino rats were recruited. Acute toxicity test was done by administering up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg to 5 albino rats but no toxicity was observed. The SRE at the doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg were administered orally at 0 hour, ½ hour, 1 hour and 2 hours to 24 normal rats. Similarly, the standard drug metformin (0.5 mg/kg) was also administered orally. The blood glucose levels (BGL) of the rats were estimated. Then the same doses of SRE and metformin were administered orally to 24 diabetic induced rats at the same point of time. The BGLs of the diabetic rats were estimated. The MBGLs of the diabetic rats after administration of the extract and standard were compared to the MBGLs of the diabetic control. Results: The effect of the extract of BGLs of the diabetic rats were found to be statistically significant. But the observation on the comparison of the MBGLs of the standard and diabetic control was insignificant. Since the SRE contains phytochemicals like flavonoids, its probable mechanism of action is increasing of sensitivity of insulin or act as an insulin secretagogue. Conclusions: Therefore, SRE may have antihyperglycemic property.
Endodontically treated teeth with extensive coronal destruction are highly susceptible to fracture, making the selection of restorative material critical. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the fracture resistance of sixty maxillary premolars with standardized Mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities restored using different materials. Specimens were divided into six groups and subjected to compressive loading using a universal testing machine, with fracture patterns analyzed under stereomicroscopy. Intact teeth showed the highest fracture resistance, while unrestored teeth showed the lowest; MultiCore Flow and Ketac Molar groups demonstrated significantly higher resistance compared to amalgam and sandwich technique groups. Thus, dual-cure composite and glass ionomer cement provided superior reinforcement of weakened tooth structure, highlighting their clinical relevance.
Abstract Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is the narrowing of the spinal canal caused by degenerative changes in the vertebral joints, intervertebral disks, and ligaments, particularly the ligamentum flavum. When conservative management fails, minimally invasive epidural procedures such as caudal neuroplasty have shown promising results. A 50-year-old female with magnetic resonance imaging–confirmed multilevel lumbar stenosis experienced inadequate relief from medication and exercise. She underwent fluoroscopy-guided caudal neuroplasty using a Racz catheter with 20 mL of normal saline. At the 2-week follow-up, she reported ~80% improvement, complete resolution of left posterior thigh pain, and improved standing tolerance. Caudal neuroplasty is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment option for symptomatic LSS unresponsive to conservative therapy.
INTRODUCTION:There is an unmet need for a validated qualitative and quantitative tool to assess environmental exposures in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive tool to systematically identify exposures in patients with ILD. METHODS:A systematic literature search was completed to identify exposures associated with more than five documented hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) cases. These exposures were evaluated through a two-round Delphi survey involving 39 pulmonologists from India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Nepal. The questionnaire was prospectively derived at one centre and validated across five centres in India and Sri Lanka. The HP South Asian Questionnaire for Exposure (HP-SAQE) was validated against the gold standard multidisciplinary discussion diagnosis, distinguishing HP from non-HP ILD. RESULTS:The literature search screened 5170 records and included 407 studies, identifying 24 exposures. A 50-item Delphi survey achieved expert consensus (>70%) on 17 qualitative and 4 quantitative items (six questions) by 39 pulmonologists. HP-SAQE score ranged from 0 to 14. After pilot testing, the questionnaire was translated into Hindi, Tamil and Sinhala. In the derivation cohort (n=40), the HP-SAQE score was significantly higher in patients with HP versus non-HP (mean: 10.2±1.6 vs 6.7±4.2; p=0.001). This finding was validated in a separate cohort (n=163; mean: 9.4±2.2 vs 4.13±4.28; p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good diagnostic performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC: 0.791 derivation; 0.858 validation, centre-wise AUCs 0.705-0.967). CONCLUSION:The HP-SAQE is the first qualitative and quantitative exposure assessment tool for patients with ILD that has a good diagnostic performance.
Patient satisfaction has become a central metric in evaluating healthcare quality. However, its use in pediatric anesthesia is less explored due to unique challenges in reporting satisfaction by a pediatric surgical patient. As a result of this, parental satisfaction is utilized as a validated proxy. To fill the gap of not having a validated tool for parent satisfaction, the Pediatric Anesthesia Parent Satisfaction (PAPS) questionnaire was developed, based on the American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee on Practice Management recommended questions. The tool was developed following a rigorous, expert, and parent-informed development process. This focused review attempts to summarize the available literature on the PAPS questionnaire, covering its development, psychometric validation, cross-cultural adaptation, and clinical application. Four articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. The original 17-item instrument demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha above 0.7) and a three-factor structure involving physical symptoms, communication, and professionalism, with a pronounced ceiling effect. Two translations achieved excellent psychometric performance (Cronbach's alpha 0.937 and 0.96, respectively), confirming the instrument's cross-cultural robustness. Clinical application revealed consistently high satisfaction in high-income settings (more than 95%), with lower satisfaction observed only in one study (77.7%). The reasons for higher satisfaction were non-anxious parental status, male sex, urban residence, employment, and sedative premedication. Across all settings, postoperative symptom management and parental preparation for induction and emergence emerged as consistent areas for improvement. We conclude that PAPS is a globally applicable, psychometrically effective tool with considerable scope for improvement for continuous quality improvement in pediatric anesthesia care.
